OBD-II Code P0022 — What It Means & How to Fix It

What Does This Error Mean?

P0022 means the intake camshaft on Bank 2 is more retarded than the engine computer commanded. Retarded timing means the camshaft is behind where it should be — the opposite of P0021. The VVT system is supposed to adjust camshaft position for better power and efficiency. When the camshaft lags too far behind its target, this code is triggered. Common symptoms are rough idle, slow acceleration, and reduced fuel economy.

Affected Models

All vehicles 1996+
Common in Chevrolet Equinox V6
Common in Toyota RAV4 V6
Common in Ford Explorer
Common in Honda Accord V6

Common Causes

Dirty or low engine oil preventing the VVT actuator from moving freely
Stuck-closed VVT oil control solenoid not allowing oil pressure into the actuator
Stretched timing chain causing the camshaft to physically lag behind the crankshaft
Worn VVT phaser unable to hold or advance camshaft position properly
Oil pressure too low due to a failing oil pump or severely sludged passages

How to Fix It

Check the oil level and condition immediately. Low or dirty oil is the most common cause of all VVT-related codes including P0022. Change the oil and filter if needed, using the grade specified in your owner's manual.

Using oil that is too thick can also cause this code — thicker oil does not flow as quickly through the VVT passages. Always use the manufacturer's recommended viscosity.
Clear the code after the oil change and do a test drive. Let the engine reach full operating temperature and then drive at various speeds. If P0022 does not return, dirty oil was the cause.

If you have not kept up with oil change intervals, sludge may have built up inside the VVT actuator. In severe cases, an engine flush may help, but consult a mechanic first.
If the code returns, test the Bank 2 intake VVT solenoid. Unplug the connector and use a multimeter to check resistance between the two terminals. Compare to your vehicle's spec — most read 6-15 ohms.

A solenoid that reads open circuit (infinite resistance) or short circuit (zero ohms) has failed and should be replaced. Cost is usually $30-$80 at an auto parts store.
Check the solenoid screen filter for clogging. Many VVT solenoids have a small mesh screen on the oil inlet side. If it is packed with sludge, clean or replace it — this alone can restore proper function.

The screen is designed to protect the solenoid from particles in the oil. Neglected oil changes accelerate screen clogging.
If solenoid and oil checks pass, have a mechanic measure live oil pressure and check the timing chain. A weak oil pump or stretched chain both cause camshaft retard that no solenoid replacement can fix.

A scanner with live data can show actual versus commanded cam timing in real time, which pinpoints the problem quickly.

When to Call a Professional

If an oil change and solenoid check do not resolve P0022, see a mechanic. Low oil pressure issues — including a failing oil pump — need professional diagnosis. Timing chain work costs $900-$2,500 depending on the vehicle and labor rates. A VVT phaser replacement typically runs $300-$800 in parts and labor. A mechanic with a live data scanner can precisely measure camshaft retard to find the root cause.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is over-retarded camshaft timing?

Retarded timing means the intake camshaft is opening the valves later than commanded. Late valve opening reduces the engine's ability to breathe properly. This causes sluggish acceleration, rough idle, and worse fuel economy. The engine computer tries to advance the cam but cannot reach its target. P0022 tells you the gap between commanded and actual timing is too large.

Is P0022 different from P0021?

Yes — they are opposite problems. P0021 is over-advanced: the cam is too far ahead of its target. P0022 is over-retarded: the cam is too far behind its target. Both involve the same VVT system on Bank 2, but different failure modes. The fixes are similar — start with oil — but the root cause can differ.

Can I drive with P0022 active?

You can drive short distances if the engine runs smoothly and there is no rattle. But this code should be addressed within a week or two. Ignoring it can lead to increased fuel consumption, rough running, and eventual engine wear. If you hear a rattling noise from the engine, stop driving and get it checked immediately.